Working guides on incorporating and running a Spanish company from abroad — formation, tax activation, banking, market-entry strategy, cross-border structures by country, US-Spain planning and the EU AI Act. Written for the decisions that are expensive to get wrong.
The 2026 end-to-end guide to incorporating without residency.
How the escritura is signed by power of attorney, without flying in.
Capital, governance and transferability compared.
The €3,000 minimum and what banks read into the amount.
Authority, liability and how banks read the appointment.
The individual tax number every foreign founder needs first.
The estatutos trap, IRPF/IRNR withholding and the RETA rule.
Activity codes, VAT and ROI declared right on the census form.
The classification mismatch that stalls bank and ROI applications.
Box 582, the NIF-IVA and why it belongs at incorporation.
What the difference means for banking, VAT and invoicing.
CNAE codes, OSS, Amazon.es, Miravia and fulfilment logistics.
The gap between forming a company and making it operate.
The setup errors that stop revenue before it begins.
How the operating and holding layers fit together across the EU.
Market size, tax and operations compared for an EU base.
Treaty rates, the Wegzugsbesteuerung deferral and Ley Beckham.
SL setup, treaty rates and permanent establishment risk.
EU presence, IP structures and an exceptional royalty treaty.
Treaty rates, post-FATF banking and the visa routes after Golden Visa.
Structure, tax and banking for Gulf investors entering the EU.
EU access, euro operations and the banking window after FATF removal.
Treaty rates, EU market access and Spanish nationality in two years.
EU entry, SL formation and banking for Indian founders.
Rates, PE rules and the MFN royalty reduction explained.
The 2026 guide to structure, tax and banking from Morocco.
Treaty rates, real substance and the permanent establishment mistake.
How the 2013 Protocol changed the withholding maths.
The effective-management trap, hybrid mismatch and when an SL is cleaner.
When SaaS, consulting or e-commerce creates taxable presence.
24% domestic vs 0% treaty — and the substance needed to earn it.
Treaty rates, tiers and the conditions to reduce the rate.
Article 22, Article 54 and the authorised-representative requirement.
The two questions that set every AI Act obligation, and the Annex III list.
What the 2026 simplification package changed — and what it did not.
The AESIA advantage, while most member states have no designated supervisor.
US rules are loosening; the EU AI Act is not. Why selling AI into Europe still means an EU footing.
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